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Compare Christmas Island (2001) - Qatar (2002)
Compare Christmas Island (2001) z Qatar (2002)
| Christmas Island (2001) | Qatar (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of Australia) | 9 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Salal |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
0-14 years: 25.2% (male 102,110; female 98,053)
15-64 years: 72.1% (male 403,508; female 168,428) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 15,299; female 5,943) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | NA | fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 4 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
over 3,047 m: 2 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total:
135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 11,437 sq km
land: 11,437 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Connecticut |
| Background | Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. The phosphate mine, closed in 1987, was reopened four years later, but the need for an alternative industry has spurred investment in tourism. Old mining areas are being restored, and almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park. | Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have a per capita income not far below the leading industrial countries of Western Europe. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | 15.78 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
revenues: $5 billion
expenditures: $4.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $900 million (FY01/02 est. ) |
| Capital | The Settlement | Doha |
| Climate | tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds | arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers |
| Coastline | 138.9 km | 563 km |
| Constitution | Christmas Island Act of 1958 | provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island |
conventional long form: State of Qatar
conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD) | Qatari rial (QAR) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | 4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $13.1 billion (2000 est.) |
| Dependency status | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of the Environment, Sport, and Territories | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of Australia) | chief of mission: Ambassador Maureen E. QUINN
embassy: Al-Luqtas District, 22 February Road, Doha mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha telephone: [974] 488 4101 FAX: [974] 488 4298 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of Australia) | chief of mission: Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA
chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061 consulate(s) general: Houston |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened by union workers. With the support of the government, Australian-based Casinos Austria International Ltd. built a $34 million casino on Christmas Island, which opened in 1993. As of yearend 1999, gaming facilities at the casino were temporarily closed but were expected to reopen in early 2000. Another economic prospect is the possible location of a space-launching site on the island. | Oil accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 80% of export earnings, and 58% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.7 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to that of the leading West European industrial countries. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 7 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total, third largest in the world. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore natural gas reserves. In 2000, Qatar posted its highest ever trade surplus of $7 billion, due mainly to high oil prices and increased natural gas exports, and managed to maintain the surplus in 2001. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 8.556 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 9.2 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m |
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 61%, Malay 25%, European 11%, other 3%, no indigenous population | Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14% |
| Exchange rates | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996) | Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.6400 (fixed rate) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince JASSIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected crown prince by the monarch 22 October 1996); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of minister of defense and commander-in-chief of the armed forces
head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary note: in March 1999, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council, which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services |
| Exports | $NA | $11 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | phosphate | petroleum products 80%, fertilizers, steel |
| Exports - partners | Australia, NZ | Japan 43%, Singapore 8%, South Korea 6%, US 4%, UAE 2% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | 1 July - 30 June | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | the flag of Australia is used | maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $16.3 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: 1%
industry: 49% services: 50% (1996 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $NA | purchasing power parity - $21,200 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 5.6% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 10 30 S, 105 40 E | 25 30 N, 51 15 E |
| Geography - note | located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean | strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits |
| Heliports | - | 1 (2002) |
| Highways | total:
140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry) paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999) |
total: 1,230 km
paved: 1,107 km unpaved: 123 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $NA | $3.5 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | consumer goods | machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | principally Australia | UK 10%, Japan 8%, Germany 6%, Italy 6%, US 6% (1998) |
| Independence | none (territory of Australia) | 3 September 1971 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion) | crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement |
| Infant mortality rate | NA deaths/1,000 live births | 20.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 2% (2001) |
| International organization participation | none | ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 2 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 130 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court | Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | NA | 280,122 (1997 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 60 km
border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km |
| Land use | arable land:
NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% note: mainly tropical rainforest of which 60%-70% is in a national park |
arable land: 1.27%
permanent crops: 0.27% other: 98.46% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English, Chinese, Malay | Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language |
| Legal system | under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law | discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms)
elections: last held NA December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2001) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 |
unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)
note: the constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held since 1970, when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their terms extended every four years since |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
NA years male: NA years female: NA years |
total population: 72.88 years
male: 70.4 years female: 75.48 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 79% male: 79% female: 80% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia | Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Middle East |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
12 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
contiguous zone: 24 NM
exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | total: 25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 679,081 GRT/1,051,088 DWT
ships by type: cargo 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 7, petroleum tanker 6 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Kuwait 1, United Arab Emirates 3 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Australia | - |
| Military branches | - | Army, Navy, Air Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $723 million (FY00/01) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 10% (FY00/01) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 316,885
note: includes non-nationals (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 166,214 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males: 6,797 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | NA | Independence Day, 3 September (1971) |
| Nationality | noun:
Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island |
noun: Qatari(s)
adjective: Qatari |
| Natural hazards | the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard | haze, dust storms, sandstorms common |
| Natural resources | phosphate | petroleum, natural gas, fish |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | 18.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Pipelines | - | crude oil 235 km; natural gas 400 km |
| Political parties and leaders | none | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 2,771 (July 2001 est.) | 793,341 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 7.77% (2001 est.) | 3.02% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Flying Fish Cove | Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | 256,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 24 km to serve phosphate mines | 0 km |
| Religions | Buddhist 55%, Christian 15%, Muslim 10%, other 20% (1991) | Muslim 95% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.4 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 2.57 male(s)/female total population: 1.91 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | suffrage is limited to municipal elections |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service |
general assessment: modern system centered in Doha
domestic: NA international: tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 142,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1999) | 43,476 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | NA | 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001) |
| Terrain | steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau | mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | 3.1 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 2.7% (2001) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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